Sains Malaysiana 54(5)(2025): 1281-1290

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2025-5405-07

Effectiveness of Biological Agents to Control Lepidiota stigma (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) Larvae in Endemic Sugarcane Plantation

(Keberkesanan Agen Biologi untuk Mengawal Larva Lepidiota stigma (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) di Ladang Tebu Endemik)

SISWANTO SISWANTO¹, ROHIMATUN ROHIMATUN¹, IWA MARA TRISAWA¹, SAMSUDIN SAMSUDIN¹, ELNA KARMAWATI^1,*, DECIYANTO SOETOPO¹, I KETUT ARDANA², MUHAMMAD SYAKIR¹, TRI LESTARI MARDININGSIH¹, I GUSTI AGUNG AYU INDRAYANI¹ & AGUS KARDINAN¹

¹Research Center for Estate Crops, Cibinong Science Center, Jalan Raya Jakarta - Bogor, Cibinong, Kabupaten Bogor 16911, West Java, Indonesia

²Research Center for Cooperative, Corporation, and People's Economy, National Research and Innovation Agency, KS Sarwono Prawirohardjo, Jalan Gatot Subroto Kav 10, Mampang Prapatan, Jakarta 12710, Indonesia

Received: 30 April 2024/Accepted: 14 January 2025

Abstract

The information on the effectiveness of nematode and fungus entomopathogenic is essential for the appropriate management of white grubs Lepidiota stigma in endemic sugarcane plantations. Despite the significant benefits, there is still limited information on the management practices of white grubs control particularly in sugarcane plantations with sandy soil. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the effectiveness of Steinernema sp., Beauveria bassiana, and registered biological agents, as well as farmers' methods in controlling white grubs. The Randomized Block Design was used to set up the experiment. The results showed that the three biological agents had a significantly lower population of white grubs compared to the control (untreated) at one month after treatment (MAT). At 3 and 4 MAT, the population of white grubs were also significantly lower compared to the untreated plots, suggesting that all treatments had suppressed the population in sandy soil. This was supported by the finding of the glasshouse trial which generally showed that the three biological agents were still effective in the soil media for a couple of weeks. Furthermore, this study showed that yields of sugarcane obtained from the application of the three biological agents produced economic benefits.

Keywords: Beauveria bassiana; economic benefits; Saccharum officinarum; Steinernema sp.; white grubs

Abstrak

Maklumat mengenai keberkesanan nematod dan kulat entomopatogen dalam mengawal belatung putih Lepidiota stigma di ladang tebu endemik masih sangat terhad. Maklumat ini penting untuk pemahaman yang lebih baik tentang amalan pengurusan kawalan grub putih yang sesuai di kawasan tertentu iaitu ladang tebu dengan tanah berpasir. Keberkesanan agen biologi untuk mengawal belatung putih, iaitu Steinernema sp., Beauveria bassiana, agen biologi berdaftar dan kaedah peladang yang disusun dalam Reka Bentuk Blok Rawak. Keputusan menunjukkan bahawa ketiga-tiga agen biologi mempunyai populasi belatung putih yang jauh lebih rendah berbanding kawalan (tidak dirawat) pada satu bulan selepas rawatan (BSR). Pada 3 dan 4 BSR, populasi grub putih juga jauh lebih rendah daripada plot yang tidak dirawat, menunjukkan bahawa semua rawatan telah menindas populasi di tanah berpasir dengan ketara. Ini disokong oleh penemuan percubaan rumah kaca kajian ini, yang merekodkan bahawa, secara amnya, ketiga-tiga agen biologi masih berkesan dalam media tanah selama beberapa minggu. Selain itu, kajian menunjukkan hasil tebu yang diperoleh daripada penggunaan ketiga-tiga agen biologi tersebut masih memberi manfaat ekonomi.

Kata kunci: Beauveria bassiana; belatung putih; faedah ekonomi; Saccharum officinarum; Steinernema sp.

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*Corresponding author; email: elna001@brin.go.id